Jump to: ASSAR's focus in Namibia | Key insights | Country partners & contact details | News stories | Outputs

Semi-arid regions like north-central Namibia, are highly dynamic systems that experience variable and sometimes extreme climates, adverse environmental change, and a relative paucity of and decline in natural resources. Historically, people living in these regions have adopted several coping mechanisms to deal with these conditions. Today, however, many communities exhibit low levels of adaptive capacity due to challenges such as marginalisation, underdevelopment, poverty, inequality, weak governance, maladaptive policies, and increasing population growth. Climate change is expected to augment existing levels of vulnerability, as temperatures rise, rainfall decreases, and seasonal climate patterns become more variable.

From 2014-2018, ASSAR’s Namibia team worked in the Onesi Constituency in the Omusati region of Namibia to better understand these existing and upcoming challenges. Made up of a team of researchers and practitioners from the University of Namibia, University of Cape Town, Oxfam GB and the Desert Research Foundation Namibia, we worked with stakeholders from national to household levels to understand what makes people vulnerable to climate change, what the barriers to adaptation are, and what could enable more effective, sustained and widespread adaptation to climate change.

Read the full report here

Key insights

Adaptation policy approaches should consider that factors like gender, ethnicity, age, household composition, marital status, social capital, and class are important determinants of people’s vulnerabilities, and of their capacities to respond to climate risks and impacts. These intersecting factors need to be considered explicitly to enable the most marginalised to adapt.

Building on Namibia’s decentralised water reform, water and drought governance could be strengthened if there was a better understanding of and support for local challenges. This could be partly achieved by increasing the awareness and willingness of decision makers to be more inclusive of the knowledge that community members and other marginalised groups provide, building the capacity of local actors to proactively engage in governance, and by providing more targeted support for managing water better at the village level.

Improved collaboration – among government, non-governmental organisations, academia and communities – can lead to the production of climate and adaptation information that is reliable and relevant to local subsistence farmers. It can also ensure that this is disseminated to those who need it in a timely manner.

By engaging with traditional and religious leaders, and considering their value systems, adaptation policy makers and practitioners can promote adaptation responses that work in conjunction with cultural and social norms. Doing so will assist in helping to reduce group-specific vulnerabilities. This should also be done on a case-by-case basis considering the implications of these social norms on gender equality and human rights more broadly.

More long-term, targeted responses to climate change are needed. Government needs to support people’s livelihoods by building adaptive capacity, providing vocational training and jobs, and creating markets. These efforts must also lead to rural development processes that address water scarcity, food insecurity, and human development needs.

Click here for more detail, and ASSAR's specific recommendations for policy, practice, and research

Country partners and contact details

Margaret Angula* (margaret.angula@gmail.com), University of Namibia
Mark New (mark.new@uct.ac.za), University of Cape Town
Daniel Morchain (danielmorchain@gmail.com), Oxfam GB
Colleen Magner (magner@reospartners.com), Reos Partners

Click here to view the regional team members

Related news stories

Adaptation is about people: a new ASSAR video

With a strong focus on understanding the factors that enhance or diminish people's vulnerability and wellbeing, and the responses they take to deal with both climatic and non-climatic stressors, ASSAR focused on the most marginalised.

Livestock as wealth for rural Namibians

The final episode of ASSAR's climate change radio show in Namibia focused on livestock ownership, drought-resistant cattle, and ways farmers can shift to climate-smart agricultural practices. By Ndamonako Anna Iita.

ASSAR and Kati-FM launch climate change radio show in Namibia

ASSAR and Kati-FM have launched a special climate change radio show which airs every Monday until September 24, 2018. Ndamonako Anna Iita reports back on the first edition (plus, find links to all other editions at the end of the article

Can experiential learning really be fun?

Bernadette Shalumbu looks at how experiential learning can help with a range of different hierarchies in workshops where positions of people sometimes need to be equal. 

Discussing drought in northern Namibia

Shortly after the African Drought Conference, held in Namibia in August, the Omusati Region Drought Resilience Consultative Meeting took place, with the aim of offering feedback from the Drought conference.

Flood and drought in Namibia

Together with the Southern Africa ASSAR Team, INTASAVE recently completed an excellent documentary about Floods and Drought in Namibia.

Related outputs

Type

Author(s)

Year

Title

Details

Links

Book chapter D’Souza, M., Rao, B. and Awashi, S. 2016 Community-driven vulnerability assessment and resilience building: Cases from development contexts. Summary  
Book chapter Morchain, D. 2018 Multi-level climate change planning: Scale, capacity and the ability for local action. In: S. Moloney, H. Fuenfgeld and M. Granberg (eds.) Local Action on Climate Change. London, UK: Routledge, pp. 92-110.  
Book chapter Shaibu, M. T., Alhassan, S. I., Avornyo, F. K., Lawson, E. T., Mensah, A. and Gordon, C. 2019 Perceptions and determinants of the adoption of indigenous strategies for adaptation to climate change: Evidence from smallholder livestock farmers in north-west Ghana. In: J. K. Kuwornu (ed.) Climate Change and Sub-Saharan Africa: The vulnerability and adaptation of food supply chain factors. Vernon Press, pp. 229-249.  
Brochure/flyer ASSAR 2016 ASSAR adaptation puzzle. [Puzzle]   Brochure
Brochure/flyer ASSAR 2018 A quick guide to ASSAR in Namibia. [Output Catalogue]    
Brochure/flyer Basu, R. and Morchain, D. 2017 On a road trip to find common ground: Can the goals of the private sector be compatible with sustainable development? [Comic]    
Brochure/flyer D’Souza, M. and Misquitta, K. 2018 From me to we...from mine to ours! A story of how motivation changes people’s perceptions and drives community action. [Story of Change]    
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Challenging assumptions about gender and climate adaptation.   Oshiwambo infographic
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Dreaming of a better life: Let’s recognise and value people’s changing aspirations.    
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Gender is one of many factors that influence how we are impacted by and respond to climate change.   Oshiwambo infographic
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Household relationships help determine whether and how we can – or can’t – respond to pressures.    
Infographic ASSAR 2018 In semi-arid regions, women are not necessarily victims or powerless: They are often diversifying their livelihoods and increasing their agency.    
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Multiscale governance: The paradox of top-down policy design.   French infographic
Infographic ASSAR 2018 Sometimes our interventions can lead to unintended consequences: A well does not always lead to wellbeing.    
Infographic ASSAR 2018 What global warming of 1.5°C and higher means for Namibia.    
Information brief Adiku, P. and Khan, A. 2018 Migration in climate change hotspots: Opportunities and challenges for adaptation. Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA).  
Information brief ASSAR 2015 Planning for climate change in the semi-arid regions of southern Africa.    
Information brief ASSAR 2015 Southern Africa regional diagnostic study: Report summary.    
Information brief ASSAR 2016 How can we better understand and manage the impacts of droughts?    
Information brief ASSAR 2016 What is Transformative Scenario Planning?    
Information brief ASSAR 2018 Do conservancies enhance the adaptive capacity of communities? Perspectives from ASSAR’s work in Kenya.    
Information brief ASSAR 2018 The gendered challenges of food security: Stories and lessons from ASSAR.    
Information brief ASSAR 2018 What will global warming of 1.5°C and 2°C above pre-industrial levels mean for semi-arid regions?    
Information brief ASSAR 2018 Women, work and adaptive capacity.    
Information brief ASSAR 2019 A focus on wellbeing can link adaptation to outcomes that matter to people.    
Information brief ASSAR 2019 Adaptation is about people.    
Information brief ASSAR 2019 Does villagisation enhance the adaptive capacity of pastoralist communities? Perspectives from ASSAR's work in Ethiopia.    
Information brief ASSAR 2019 What global warming of 1.5°C and higher means for Namibia.   Oshiwambo version
Information brief Bosworth, B., Hegga, S. and Ziervogel, G. 2018 When participation is not enough: Lessons from decentralised water governance in Namibia.    
Information brief CARIAA 2018 Climate adaptation policy.    
Information brief CARIAA 2018 Understanding vulnerabilities using a hotspot approach. Collaborative Adaptation Research in Africa and Asia (CARIAA)  
Information brief Davies, J. 2017 Barriers and enablers to climate change adaptation in north-central Namibia.    
Information brief Davies, J. 2017 Climate change impacts and adaptation in north-central Namibia.   Oshiwambo brief
Information brief Few, R. 2017 Drought does not work alone.    
Information brief Few, R., Singh, C., Spear, D., Davies, J., Tebboth, M. G. L., Sidibe, A, Mensah, A. and Thompson-Hall, M. 2018 When adaptation barriers and enablers intersect: Key considerations for adaptation planning drawn from ASSAR’s findings.    
Information brief Lumosi, C. and McGahey, D. 2016 Communicating climate change for adaptation: Challenges, successes and future priorities.    
Information brief Rao, N., Lawson, E. T., Raditloaneng, W. N., Solomon, D. and Angula, M. N. 2016 Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: Insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia.   GSDR brief
Journal article Cundill, G., Harvey, B., Tebboth, M., Cochrane, L., Currie-Alder, B., Vincent, K., Lawn, J., Nicholls, R. J., Scodanibbio, L., Prakash, A., New, M., Wester, P., Leone, M., Morchain, D., Ludi, E., DeMaria-Kinney, J., Khan, A. and Landry, M. 2018 Large-scale transdisciplinary collaboration for adaptation research: Challenges and insights. Global Challenges, 1700132.  
Journal article Deshpande, T., Michael, K. and Bhaskara, K. 2018 Barriers and enablers of local adaptive measures: A case study of Bengaluru’s informal settlement dwellers. Local Environment, DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2018.1555578. Information brief
Journal article Few, R., Morchain, D., Spear, D., Mensah, A. and Bendapudi, R. 2017 Transformation, adaptation and development: Relating concepts to practice. Palgrave Communications, 3: 17092. Summary
Journal article Gajjar, S. P., Singh, C. and Deshpande, T. 2018 Tracing back to move ahead: A review of development pathways that constrain adaptation features. Climate and Development. Summary
Journal article McGahey, D. J. and Lumosi, C. K. 2018 Information brief    
Journal article Morchain, D., Prati, G., Kelsey, F. and Ravon, L. 2015 Summary    
Journal article Morchain, D., Ziervogel, G., Spear, D., Masundire, H., Angula, M., Davies, J., Hegga, S. and Molefe C. 2019 Building transformative capacity in southern Africa: Surfacing knowledge through participatory Vulnerability and Risk Assessments. Action Research, 17(1): 19-41. Summary
Journal article Ofoegbu, C., New, M., Nyamwanza, A. M. and Spear, D. 2018 Understanding the current state of collaboration in the production and dissemination of adaptation knowledge in Namibia. Environment, Development and Sustainability.  
Journal article Rao, N., Lawson, E. T., Raditloaneng, W. N., Solomon, D., and Angula, M. N. 2017 Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: Insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia. Climate and Development. Information brief
Journal article Singh, C. 2017 Using life histories to understand temporal vulnerability to climate change in highly dynamic contexts. SAGE Research Methods Cases. Summary; Manual
Journal article Singh, C. 2019 Migration as a driver of changing household structures: Implications for household livelihoods and adaptation. Migration and Development. Summary
Journal article Singh, C., Daron, J., Bazaz, A., Ziervogel, G., Spear, D., Krishnaswamy, J., Zaroug, M. and Kituyi, E. 2018 The utility of weather and climate information for adaptation decision-making: Current uses and future prospects in Africa and India. Climate and Development, 10(5): 389-405. Summary; Video
Journal article Spear, D. and Chappel, A. 2018 Livelihoods on the edge without a safety net: The case of smallholder crop farming in north-central Namibia. Land, 7(3): 79. Summary
Journal article Totin, E., Butler, J. R., Sidibé, A., Partey, S., Thornton, P. K. and Tabo, R. 2018 Can scenario planning catalyse transformational change? Evaluating a climate change policy case study in Mali. Futures, 96: 44-56. Summary
Journal article Totin, E., Segnon, A. C., Schut, M., Affognon, H., Zougmoré, R. B., Rosenstock, T., and Thornton, P. K. 2018 Institutional perspectives of climate-smart agriculture: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 10(6): 1990. Summary
Journal article Ziervogel, G. 2018 Poster, Information brief    
Publication in progress Duraisamy, V., Mugari, E., Segnon, A. C., Togarepi, C., Tesfaye, M., Alare, R. S. and Misra, G. _ Landsat-based land use / land cover mapping and cross-site analysis at South Asia and Africa.    
Publication in progress Few, R., Singh, C., Spear, D., Tebboth, M., Davies, J., Thompson-Hall, M. and Muhvich, K. _ The role of culture as a barrier and enabler to adaptation in semi-arid lands.    
Publication in progress Gitonga, Z. and Visser, M. _ Evaluating access, use and impact of climate information on welfare and use of adaptive strategies by rural families in arid regions of northern Namibia.    
Publication in progress Gitonga, Z. and Visser, M. _ Impact of migration on household social protection and wellbeing: An application of dose-response using control function approach.    
Publication in progress Gitonga, Z., Visser, M. and de Groot, H. _ Leveraging improved maize technology uptake to improve welfare of farm families through market participation and food security.    
Publication in progress Hegga, S. and Kunamwene, I. _ Mapping actor influence in climate adaptation practices: The case of north-central Namibia.   Poster
Publication in progress Hegga, S., Kunamwene, I. and Ziervogel, G. _ Local participation in decentralised water governance: Insights from north-central Namibia.   Presentation
Publication in progress Kibet, S. and Wasonga, O. _ Making community wildlife conservancies sustainable.    
Publication in progress Krishnaswamy, J., Bunyan, M., New, M., Bazaz, A., Wolski, P. and Daron, J. _ Are semi-arid regions in Africa and Asia climate-change hotspots?    
Publication in progress Maharjan, A., de Campos, R. S. Das, S., Srinivas, A., Bhuiyan, M. R. A., Ishaq, S., Shrestha, K., Dilshad, T., Umar, M. A., Bhadwal, S., Ghosh, T., Singh, C., Suckall, N. and Vincent. K. _ Migration and adaptation in the context of environmental change: Lessons from interdisciplinary work in South Asia.    
Publication in progress Mulwa, C. and Visser, M. _ Weather uncertainty and demand for information in agricultural technology adoption: Case study from Namibia.    
Publication in progress Perez, T. _ The power of workshop fatigue in transdisciplinary partnerships.   Summary
Publication in progress Perez, T. _ Thinking differently about planning processes to enable climate change adaptation in Namibia and India.   Summary
Publication in progress Poniso, A. L. and Togarepi, C. _ An assessment of climate variability on key forest ecosystem services and its impacts on livelihoods of communities in North Central Namibia. A case of Onesi Constituency, Omusati Region.    
Publication in progress Rahman, A., Basu, R. and Singh C. I. _ Exploring the interface between climate change and migration: Evidence from India.    
Publication in progress Rahman, A., Singh, C. and Bazaz A. _ Climate change in urban areas: Differential vulnerability and adaptive actions in Bangalore.    
Publication in progress Rao, N., Mishra, A., Prakash, A., Singh, C., Qaisrani, A., Poonacha, P., Vincent, K. and Bedelian, C. _ Women’s agency and adaptive capacity in climate change hotspots: A qualitative comparative analysis from Asia and Africa.    
Publication in progress Rao, N., Singh, C., Solomon, D., Camfield, L., Alare, R. S., Angula, M., Poonacha P., Sidibe, A. and Lawson, E. _ Managing risk, changing aspirations and household dynamics: Implications for wellbeing and adaptation in semi-arid Africa and India.   Summary; Presentation
Publication in progress Salifu, A., Lawson, E. and Wrigley-Asante, C. _ Social differentiation and adaptive responses adopted by farmers in a water scarce landscape: The case of groundnut farmers in the Lawra and Nandom Districts.   Poster
Publication in progress Satyal, P., Budds, J., Few, R., Bahir, A., Kibet, S. _ Adaptation to climate change in the context of decentralisation: Exploring multi-level governance of water-related issues in semi-arid areas of East Africa.   Presentation
Publication in progress Scodanibbio, L. _ What have we learned from working collaboratively on the ASSAR project?    
Publication in progress Sidibe, A., Sanga. U., Rajiv. P. and Olabisi, L. S. _ Translating mental models into system dynamics models for analyzing food security.    
Publication in progress Sidibe, A., Totin, E. and Olabisi, L. S. _ Analysing consensus building in the participatory scenario process: A case of transformative scenario process in Mali.    
Publication in progress Singh, C., Tebboth, M. G. L., Spear, D., Ansah, P. and Mensah, A. _ Opening up the methodological toolkit on climate change vulnerability and adaptation research: Reflections from using life history approaches.    
Publication in progress SK, N. _ Situating vulnerability in climate change adaptation research: Insights from India and Ghana.    
Publication in progress SK, N., Bazaz, A., Mensah, A., Scodanibbio, L., Tebboth, M., Few, R., Bendapudi, R., Rao, R., Badiger, S., Rao, N., Kibet, S., Wasonga, O. and Spear, D. _ Socially-differentiated vulnerability and adaptation practice in Africa and India.    
Publication in progress Solomon, D. and Badiger, S. _ The evolution of vulnerability: Rethinking the scope of indicator-based assessments in agrarian socio-ecological systems.    
Journal article Spear, D., Selato, J. C., Mosime, B. and Nyamwanza, A. 2019 Harnessing diverse knowledge and belief systems to adapt to climate change in semi-arid rural Africa.   Summary; Presentation
Publication in progress Tebboth, M. G. L., Few, R., Assen, M. and Degefu, M. _ Valuing Prosopis juliflora? Analysing ecosystem service narratives to understand environmental management dilemmas.    
Publication in progress Tebboth, M. G. L., Singh, C., Spear, D., Mensah, A. and Ansah, P. _ The role of mobility in changing livelihood trajectories: Implications for vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid regions.   Summary
Publication in progress Togarepi, C. and Nangolo, E. _ Gendered responses to climate change impacts on ecosystem services in north-central Namibia.    
Publication in progress Togarepi, C., Nangolo, E. and Gitonga, Z. _ Climate change impacts on livelihood strategies and food security in north-central Namibia.    
Publication in progress Totin, E., Sidibe, A. and Thompson-Hall, M. _ Governance of resources: Is there space for implementing the land policy under complex customary tenure practices?   Presentation
Publication in progress Totin, E., Sidibe, A., Thompson-Hall, M. and Olabisi, L. _ Achieving sustainable future objectives under uncertain conditions: Application of a reflexive framework to adaptation trajectories in rural Mali.   Summary
Publication in progress Wasonga, O., Kibet, S., Tebboth, M. G. L., Few, R. _ Do wildlife conservancies enhance the adaptive capacity of local communities? Perspectives from northern Kenya.    
Publication in progress Ziervogel, G., Satyal, P., Basu, R., Mensah, A. and Singh, C. _ Vertical integration for climate change adaptation in the water sector: Lessons from decentralisation in Africa and India.    
Radio/podcast ASSAR 2018 Using Transformative Scenario Planning to think critically about the future of water for productive use in Omusati, Namibia.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Changing ecosystem services are increasing people’s vulnerability in semi-arid regions.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Collaborative research consortia are complex, but have great potential.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Effective adaptation means different things to different people.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Forward-looking inclusive governance arrangements across different scales are a critical enabler for adaptation    
Report ASSAR 2019 Enhanced knowledge systems are critical for climate change adaptation.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Gender is one of many social factors influencing responses to climate change.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Global warming of 1.5°C and higher brings profound challenges to semi-arid regions.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Mobility is an inherent dynamic among vulnerable populations.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Participatory processes build adaptive capacity and agency and can help transform systems.    
Report ASSAR 2019 Putting people at the centre can enable effective adaptation in semi-arid regions: Insights from ASSAR.   Summary
Report ASSAR 2019 Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in semi-arid Namibia.    
Report Hegga, S. 2016 Mapping out stakeholder influence on the implementation of climate change adaptation in Namibia – Short report.    
Report Hegga, S. 2016 Vulnerability and risk assessment in the Onesi Constituency, Omusati Region, Namibia: Towards improving livelihood adaptation to climate change – Short report.   Summary
Report Hegga, S., Siyambango, N., Angula, M., Spear, D., Masundire, H., Molefe, C. and Morchain, D. 2015 Stakeholder and influence network mapping exercise with the government, development and research actors in Namibia.    
Report Hegga, S., Ziervogel, G., Angula, M., Spear, D., Nyamwanza, A., Ndeunyema, E., Kunamwene, I., Togarepi, C. and Morchain, D. 2016 Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in Omusati Region in Namibia: Fostering people-centred adaptation to climate change.    
Report Nkemelang, T., Bouwer, R., Hoffman, T., and New, M. 2018 Determining what global warming of 1.5°C and higher means for the semi-arid regions of Botswana, Namibia, Ghana, Mali, Kenya and Ethiopia: A description of ASSAR’s methods of analysis.    
Report Perez, T., Molefe, C. and Masundire, H. 2018 Using Transformative Scenario Planning as a way to think differently about the future of land use in Bobirwa, Botswana.   seTswana report
Report Rokitzki, M. and Morchain, D. 2015 Climate change adaptation practice in semi-arid regions: Views and insights by practitioners.    
Report Perez, T. 2017 Using Transformative Scenario Planning to think critically about the future of water for productive use in Omusati, Namibia.   Report
Report Shalumbu, B. and Spear, D. 2016 Preparing for Transformative Scenario Planning in Namibia.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2015 Spotlight on Adaptation Futures.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2016 Spotlight on learning.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2016 Spotlight on wellbeing.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2017 Spotlight on champions.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2017 Spotlight on water.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2018 Spotlight on capacity building.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2018 Spotlight on Transformative Scenario Planning.    
Spotlight ASSAR 2019 Spotlight on Research for Impact.    
Thesis Angula, M. _ A gendered and intersectional analysis for understanding vulnerability to the changing climate within socially diverse Onesi constituency. PhD thesis. University of Cape Town. Poster
Thesis Bridges, K. 2017 The role of climate information and advisory services in drought resiliency: A comparative case study in Tamil Nadu, India. Master's thesis. Oxford University.  
Thesis Chappel, A. 2018 Barriers and enablers to the adoption of practices to improve crop production and reduce vulnerability to climate risks in the semi-arid Omusati Region, Namibia. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town. Poster
Thesis Davies, J. 2016 Exploring the factors and actors that contribute to the co-production of climate adaptation plans: A comparison of three municipalities in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Gitonga, Z. _ Leveraging climate information, improved adaptive technology and migration to build resilience and reduce vulnerability of rural communities to climate risks in arid and semi-arid lands. PhD thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Haukongo, C. 2017 An assessment of determinants of adaptive capacity of livestock farmers to climate change in Omusati Region. Honours thesis. University of Namibia. Poster
Thesis Joshi, N. _ Barriers and enablers to the sale of livestock in Omusati, Namibia. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Kunamwene, I. _ Wellbeing as a way of looking at vulnerability and response to drought in Onesi, Namibia. PhD thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Mulwa, C. _ Managing vulnerability to risks in smallholder farming: Essays on sustainable agricultural intensification and climate change adaptation in developing countries. PhD thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Musingarabwi, S. 2016 Time-use and wellbeing in Onesi, Namibia. Master’s thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Nkemelang, T. 2018 Temperature and precipitation extremes under current, 1.5 and 2.0 degree global warming above pre-industrial levels and implications for climate change vulnerability: Botswana case study. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Poniso, A. L. 2017 An assessment of impacts of climate variability on key forest ecosystem services and livelihoods of communities in Onesi constituency, Omusati region. Honours thesis. University of Namibia.  
Thesis Sajith, S. 2017 Changing cropping patterns and its implications on household food security and nutrition. Master's thesis. TERI School of Advanced Studies.  
Thesis Selato, J. C. 2017 Credibility and scale as barriers to uptake and use of seasonal climate forecasts in Bobirwa Sub-District, Botswana. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town. Presentation
Thesis Shooya, O. 2017 Barriers and enablers to water access and community wellbeing in the Onesi constituency of Namibia: The case of Okalonga B and Onandjandja villages. Master's thesis. University of Cape Town.  
Thesis Yidana, A. A. 2016 Social differentiation in the vulnerability and adaptation patterns among smallholder farmers: Evidence from north western Ghana. Master's thesis. University of Ghana.  
Toolkit/guide ASSAR 2016 Climate adaptation resource guide for dryland & semi-arid areas. [Resource Guide]    
Toolkit/guide ASSAR 2018 Heat stress: How does one recognise heat stress? What should you do when a person suffers from heat stress? [Pamphlet]   Poster
Toolkit/guide ASSAR 2018 Planning for a harsher future. [Brochure]   English poster; Oshiwambo brochure; Oshiwambo poster
Toolkit/guide ASSAR 2018 Understanding climate change: An information manual for communities in Omusati. [Manual]   Oshiwambo manual
Toolkit/guide ASSAR, Oxfam, University of Cape Town 2019 Massive Open Online Course on Research for Impact. [MOOC]    
Toolkit/guide Davies, J., Singh, C., Tebboth, M. G. L., Spear, D., Mensah, A. and Ansah, P. 2018 Conducting life history interviews: A how-to guide. [Manual]    
Toolkit/guide Hegde, G., Singh, C. and Kaur, H. 2018 Adaptation as innovation: Lessons from smallholder farmers in rainfed Karnataka. [Information Booklet]   Kannada booklet
Toolkit/guide Morchain, D. and Kelsey, F. 2016 Finding ways together to build resilience: The Vulnerability and Risk Assessment methodology. [Toolkit] Oxfam. Poster
Video ASSAR 2015 ASSAR Theory of Change.    
Video ASSAR 2015 ASSAR’s animated climate messages for Africa and Asia.    
Video ASSAR 2015 ASSAR’s animated climate messages for southern Africa.    
Video ASSAR 2015 Introducing ASSAR.    
Video ASSAR 2015 Understanding gender in the context of climate and development.    
Video ASSAR 2016 A documentary on drought in Namibia by ASSAR.    
Video ASSAR 2016 Research-into-Use in ASSAR.    
Video ASSAR 2016 Transformative Scenario Planning in ASSAR.    
Video ASSAR 2016 Vulnerability and Risk Assessment workshop in northern Namibia.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Does climate information help people address current and future climate risks?    
Video ASSAR 2017 Experiential learning to understand climate change.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Experiential learning: Farming Juggle.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Experiential learning: Paying for Predictions.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Experiential learning: Seasonal Forecast.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Experiential learning: Vulnerability Walk.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Small Opportunities Grant: Migration.    
Video ASSAR 2017 Using Transformative Scenario Planning to think critically about the future of water for productive use in Omusati, Namibia.    
Video ASSAR 2018 From cows to camels: How pastoralists are adapting to climate change in Kenya’s drylands.    
Video ASSAR 2018 How thinking about the future improved farming practices in Ghana’s Upper West region.    
Video ASSAR 2018 Theatre of the oppressed: Adaptation futures 2018.    
Video ASSAR 2019 Challenging predominant views on climate change with Theatre of the Oppressed. Delft, Cape Town. January 2019.    
Video ATREE 2019 Is an increase in green cover good?    
Video ATREE 2019 Wells and a lack of wellbeing.    
Web article Cundill, G. 2017 ASSAR–R2A Climate Month: Time’s Up. Research to Action. 4 December 2017.  
Web article DeMaria-Kinney, J. 2017 Introduction to Research-into-Use at ASSAR. Research to Action. 9 November 2017.  
Web article Joubert, L. 2018 A climate of change for cash cows. Mail and Guardian. 18 March 2018.  
Web article Joubert, L. 2018 African small-scale farmers need more than just land to survive climate change. The Namibian. 31 May 2018. Use and communication of climate information to support uptake of adaptation action in the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia.
Working paper Bazaz, A., DeMaria-Kinney, J., Scodanibbio, L. and Koduganti Venkata, M. 2019 Enabling research-practice collaboration: Models and approaches    
Working paper Few, R., Bendapudi, R., Mensah, A. and Spear, D. 2016 Transformation in adaptation: Learning from ASSAR’s regional diagnostic studies.    
Working paper Koelle, B., Scodanibbio, L., Vincent, K., Harvey, B., van Aalst, M., Rigg, S., Ward, N. and Steenbergen, M. _ A guide to effective collaboration and learning in consortia: Building resilience to rising climate risks. Original publication by Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters (BRACED).  
Working paper Misquitta, K. and Thatte, K. 2018 Whose appropriate technology? Understanding the adoption of micro-irrigation in the face of climate and policy uncertainty.    
Working paper Phadtare, A., Banerjee, S. and Bendapudi, R. 2019 Are changes in land use land cover influencing gender dynamics in semi-arid areas.    
Working paper Prakash, A., Cundill, G., Scodanibbio, L., Vincent, K., Nathe, N., DeMaria-Kinney, J., Mishra, A., Morchain, D., Piryani, A., Soumelong Ehode, L., and Sukla, D. 2019 Climate change adaptation research for impact. CARIAA Working Paper no. 22. Collaborative Adaptation Research in Africa and Asia (CARIAA).  
Working paper Scodanibbio, L. 2017 What have we learned from working collaboratively on the ASSAR project? Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR).  
Working paper Singh, C., Urquhart, P. and Kituyi, E. 2016 From pilots to systems: Barriers and enablers to scaling up the use of climate information services in smallholder farming communities.    
Working paper Spear, D., Haimbili, E., Angula, M., Baudoin, M., Hegga, S., Zaroug, M. and Okeyo, A. 2015 Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the semi-arid regions of southern Africa.    
Working paper Spear, D., Zaroug, M. A. H., Daron, J. D., Ziervogel, G., Angula, M. N., Haimbili, E. N., Hegga, S. S., Baudoin, M., New, M., Kunamwene, I., Togarepi, C. and Davies, J. 2018 Vulnerability and responses to climate change in drylands: The case of Namibia.    
Working paper Zaroug, M., New, M. and Lennard, C. 2019 Climate change in African countries at 1.5 and 2.0 degrees: Variation by geography, aridity and continentality.    
Journal article Ofoegbu, C. and New, M.   Making climate information useful to adaptation decision making in the agriculture sector in Namibia.    
Video ASSAR 2019 Does knowledge enhance adaptive capacities in semi-arid regions? Perspectives from ASSAR's work.